Related Papers
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Hydrolysis of Methylumbeliferyl Substrate Proxies for Esterase Activities as Indicator for Microbial Oil Degradation in the Ocean: Evidence from Observations in the Aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (Gulf of Mexico)
Antonietta Quigg
Biological oil weathering facilitated by specialized heterotrophic microbial communities plays a key role in the fate of petroleum hydrocarbon in the ocean. The most common methods of assessing oil biodegradation involve (i) measuring changes in the composition and concentration of oil over time and/or (ii) biological incubations with stable or radio-labelled substrates. Both methods provide robust and invaluable information on hydrocarbon biodegradation pathways; however, they also require extensive sample processing and are expensive in nature. More convenient ways to assess activities within microbial oil degradation networks involve measuring extracellular enzyme activity. This perspective article synthesizes previously published results from studies conducted in the aftermath of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DwH) oil spill in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM), to test the hypothesis that fluorescence assays of esterases, including lipase activity, are sensitive indicators for mi...
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Thermophilic Hydrocarbon-Utilizing Bacilli from Marine Shallow Hydrothermal Vents as Producers of Biosurfactants
Marco Nicolo'
The exploitation of thermophilic hydrocarbon-utilizing bacilli could provide novel environmentally friendly surfactants. In this work, 80 thermophilic bacilli isolated from shallow hydrothermal vents of the Eolian Islands (Italy) were screened for their ability to utilize hydrocarbons and produce biosurfactants (BSs). Among them, 15 strains grew with kerosene or gasoline (2% v/v) as the only carbon and energy source, and most of them were positive to the methylene blue agar as prescreening assay for BSs production and displayed emulsifying activity. The cell-free supernatants (CFSs) from two selected strains, Bacillus licheniformis B3-15 and Bacillus horneckiae SBP3, were both surface active and able to emulsify different hydrocarbons and vegetable oils. BSs from B3-15 (910 mg L−1) and SBP3 (950 mg L−1) were chemically different surfactin-like lipopeptides, with specific mineral-, castor- and crude oil removal ability from the cotton matrix. CFSs from the 15 thermophilic strains, wh...
Biodegradation of Selected Petroleum Hydrocarbons Using Indigenous Microorganisms
2022 •
oluwafemi oyewole
Bioremediation make use of microorganisms to remove contaminants from the environment, the use of indigenous microorganisms in the bioremediation of hydrocarbon pollutant to clean up environment has become a valuable technique. This study was aimed to biodegrade some petroleum hydrocarbon using indigenous microorganism from the petroleum contaminated soil. Top soil sample was collected from petroleum contaminated site in Minna, Nigeria. The petroleum was obtained from a local petrol bunk. The indigenous microorganism with biodegrading potential was obtained by plating the aliquot of the soil sample on minimal salt medium containing petroleum as the only source of carbon. The bacterium was identified by cultural and biochemical test and the fungi were identified by both macroscopic and microscopic examinations. The isolates with optimal potential were then subjected to biodegradation for 25 days. A control was setup without the isolate. Three bacterial isolate and four fungi isolate ...
Microbiology
Detection of n-alkane biodegradation genes alkB and ladA in thermophilic hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria of the genera Aeribacillus and Geobacillus
2016 •
Tamara Nazina
Geobacillus and Anoxybacillus spp. from Terrestrial Geothermal Springs Worldwide: Diversity and Biotechnological Applications
2018 •
Armine Margaryan
A large number of thermophilic representatives of the Geobacillus and Anoxybacillus genera have been isolated from geographically distant and physicochemically different environments, including high-, moderate-, and low-temperature habitats. However, terrestrial hot springs are the main habitats for Geobacillus and Anoxybacillus species. The members of these genera possess a variety of thermo-adaptive features that enable them to thrive at elevated temperatures. Due to their ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions, geobacilli and anoxybacilli are a valuable source for provision of thermostable enzymes, such as amylases, lipases, proteases, etc., and other components. Thermostable enzymes obtained from thermophilic bacilli have found a plethora of commercial applications due to their sturdiness and toughness in withstanding the heat generated in various biotechnological and industrial processes. This chapter contains a review of studies of geobacilli and anoxybacilli from...
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Metal and organic pollutants bioremediation by extremophile microorganisms
2019 •
bruno de jesus fontes
ANNALES BOGORIENSES
Medium Chain and Long Chain Alkanes Hydroxylase Producing Whole Cell Biocatalyst From Marine Bacteria
Elvi Yetti
Alkanes are major component of crude oil that could be hydrolyzed by the enzyme of alkane hydroxylase. The are three types of alkane hydroxylase based on the chain length of alkane such as short-chain length/SCL (C2-C4), medium-chain length/MCL (C5-C17), and long-chain length/LCL (C>18). The aims of this study were to characterize and identify alkanes-degrading bacteria from these bacteria. The 30 strains from marine were grown on MCL (Pentane-C5H12, Decane-C10H22, and Pentadecane-C15H32) and LCL (n-Paraffin-C12H19C17 and branch of Pristane-C19H40). The study showed twenty-nine isolates have the ability to degrade alkanes compounds, whereas 14 isolates have grown ability on MCL and LCL medium, 11 isolates have the ability to grow on MCL and n-LCL, 3 isolates have the ability only to grow on MCL medium and 1 isolate has the ability only grow on n-LCL medium. The growth test result indicated that 29 isolates have medium-chain alkane monooxygenase and long-chain alkane hydroxylase....
Journal of Chemistry
Microbial Enzymes Used in Bioremediation
2021 •
Uddhav Khadka
Emerging pollutants in nature are linked to various acute and chronic detriments in biotic components and subsequently deteriorate the ecosystem with serious hazards. Conventional methods for removing pollutants are not efficient; instead, they end up with the formation of secondary pollutants. Significant destructive impacts of pollutants are perinatal disorders, mortality, respiratory disorders, allergy, cancer, cardiovascular and mental disorders, and other harmful effects. The pollutant substrate can recognize different microbial enzymes at optimum conditions (temperature/pH/contact time/concentration) to efficiently transform them into other rather unharmful products. The most representative enzymes involved in bioremediation include cytochrome P450s, laccases, hydrolases, dehalogenases, dehydrogenases, proteases, and lipases, which have shown promising potential degradation of polymers, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated compounds, dyes, detergents, agrochemical compounds, etc...
Materials
Potential for and Distribution of Enzymatic Biodegradation of Polystyrene by Environmental Microorganisms
liyuan hou
Polystyrene (PS) is one of the main polymer types of plastic wastes and is known to be resistant to biodegradation, resulting in PS waste persistence in the environment. Although previous studies have reported that some microorganisms can degrade PS, enzymes and mechanisms of microorganism PS biodegradation are still unknown. In this study, we summarized microbial species that have been identified to degrade PS. By screening the available genome information of microorganisms that have been reported to degrade PS for enzymes with functional potential to depolymerize PS, we predicted target PS-degrading enzymes. We found that cytochrome P4500s, alkane hydroxylases and monooxygenases ranked as the top potential enzyme classes that can degrade PS since they can break C–C bonds. Ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases may be able to break the side-chain of PS and oxidize the aromatic ring compounds generated from the decomposition of PS. These target enzymes were distributed in Proteobacteria, A...
Microorganisms
Comparative Proteomics of Marinobacter sp. TT1 Reveals Corexit Impacts on Hydrocarbon Metabolism, Chemotactic Motility, and Biofilm Formation
Tony Gutierrez
The application of chemical dispersants during marine oil spills can affect the community composition and activity of marine microorganisms. Several studies have indicated that certain marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, such as Marinobacter spp., can be inhibited by chemical dispersants, resulting in lower abundances and/or reduced biodegradation rates. However, a major knowledge gap exists regarding the mechanisms underlying these physiological effects. Here, we performed comparative proteomics of the Deepwater Horizon isolate Marinobacter sp. TT1 grown under different conditions. Strain TT1 received different carbon sources (pyruvate vs. n-hexadecane) with and without added dispersant (Corexit EC9500A). Additional treatments contained crude oil in the form of a water-accommodated fraction (WAF) or chemically-enhanced WAF (CEWAF; with Corexit). For the first time, we identified the proteins associated with alkane metabolism and alginate biosynthesis in strain TT1, report on its...
